每到夏天，很多人都会找一些避暑线路，准备着在一年当中最热的时候到海滩避暑度假，作为广东人，最常去的是阳江周边的海滩，在海滩和阳光、椰林、幼沙一起放肆玩耍，已经成为很多都市年轻人群的向往。

Every summer, many people will find some summer routes to go to the beach at the hottest time of the year. As a Cantonese, they most often visit the beaches around Yangjiang, playing with the sun, coconut forest and young sand, which has become the yearning of many urban young people.

旅程结束还会带一些当地海味手信特产回家，而且阳江是中国最大的刀剪生产基地和出口基地。五金刀剪生产历史悠久，是具特色的优势产业之一，经过多年发展，阳江现有五金刀剪企业1500多家，占全国总数的一半以上，日用五金刀剪产量占全国的60%，出口占全国的80%。产品远销欧洲、美国、日本等100多个国家和地区。

At the end of the journey, we will also take some local seafood handmade letter special products home, and Yangjiang is China's largest knife and scissors production base and export base.Hardware knife cutting production has a long history, is one of the most distinctive advantage industries, after years of development, Yangjiang has more than 1500 hardware knife cutting enterprises, accounting for more than half of the total country, the output of daily hardware knife cutting accounts for 60% of the country, export accounted for 80% of the country.Products are exported to Europe, the United States, Japan and other more than 100 countries and regions.

通常我们看到一身都是金属的刀具，会好奇是什么金属材质。在此佛山万庆公司为大家分享一下阳江刀具用料有哪些特性作用。

Usually we see knives all over metal and wonder what metal it is.Here Wanqing company to share with you Yangjiang tool material what special cattle effect.

刀的好坏决定因素有三个：材质、热处理还有刃口形状，而决定一把刀具重要的当属材质，目前现在市面上常见的刀具按材质大体上可分为高碳钢、一般不锈钢、高碳不锈钢、高碳锰钢、陶瓷、钛合金等六类，简单介绍如下：

There are three determining factors for the quality of knives: material, heat treatment and the shape of the edge, and the important material of a tool. At present, the common tools on the market can be generally divided into high carbon steel, general stainless steel, high carbon stainless steel, high carbon manganese steel, high manganese steel, ceramics, titanium alloy and other six categories, a simple introduction is as follows:

（1）高碳钢：含碳量≥0.6%的碳素钢。用它做成的刀具便宜、锋利易磨，适合砍骨头等硬物，同时非常容易重新打磨锋利，它唯一的缺点是很容易生锈。应用于菜刀、杀猪刀、砍骨刀、刺刀等。

(1) High carbon steel: carbon steel with carbon content ≥ 0.6%. The knife made of it is cheap, sharp and easy to grind. It is suitable for cutting hard objects such as bones. At the same time, it is very easy to regrind and sharpen. Its only disadvantage is that it is easy to rust. It is used in kitchen knife, pig killing knife, bone chopping knife, bayonet, etc.

（2）不锈钢：指具有抗腐蚀性能的一类钢，通常成分中添加大于12%的铬来达到防锈效果，按组织状态分为：马氏体钢、铁素体钢、奥氏体钢、奥氏体-铁素体不锈钢及沉淀硬化不锈钢等。厨房刀具中常用的不锈钢是奥氏体型钢和马氏体型钢。奥氏体型钢含镍量高，不易生锈，但锋利度和持久性都要差很多。而马氏体型钢含碳量较高，所以硬度高，刀具比较坚硬锋利，但相对容易生锈，也不易持久。它的缺点是不锈钢成分中常通过降低碳含量以及加大铬含量来增强抗锈能力，这样做会导致刀具的刃口偏软不锋利，或者变得硬而脆，难以打磨得锋利，这在户外刀具中是个明显的缺点。国内绝大多数刀具选用的是中碳3Cr14和2Cr13,即420不锈钢，属于马氏体不锈钢。

(2) Stainless steel: it refers to a kind of steel with corrosion resistance. Generally, more than 12% chromium is added in the composition to achieve the antirust effect. It is divided into martensitic steel, ferritic steel, austenitic steel, austenitic ferritic stainless steel and precipitation hardening stainless steel according to the organizational state. The commonly used stainless steel in kitchen tools are austenitic steel and martensitic steel. Austenitic steel has high nickel content and is not easy to rust, but its sharpness and durability are much worse. The martensitic steel has high carbon content, so it has high hardness. The cutting tool is hard and sharp, but it is relatively easy to rust and is not easy to last. Its disadvantage is that the stainless steel component often enhances the rust resistance by reducing the carbon content and increasing the chromium content, which will lead to the soft and not sharp edge of the tool, or become hard and brittle and difficult to grind sharp, which is an obvious disadvantage in outdoor tools. The vast majority of domestic cutting tools are medium carbon 3cr14 and 2Cr13, namely 420 stainless steel, which belongs to martensitic stainless steel.

（3）高碳不锈钢：属于不锈钢中的一种，指含碳超过0.7%的不锈钢。特点类似一般不锈钢，但高碳不锈钢制成的刀具（折刀、直刀、手术刀等）与不锈钢刀具相比，价格较高，耐蚀性较差，而强度和硬度较好。国外知名刀具厂商所用的材质多数是高碳不锈钢，很多用到440以上牌号的不锈钢，其中又分为440A（7Cr18）与440C(9Cr18)两种类别，含碳量分别是0.7%与0.9%，440A热处理之后硬度可达到57度，而440C可达到61度。

(3) High carbon stainless steel: a kind of stainless steel, which refers to stainless steel with carbon content of more than 0.7%. The features are similar to ordinary stainless steel, but the cutting tools made of high carbon stainless steel (folding knife, straight knife, scalpel, etc.) have higher price, poor corrosion resistance, and better strength and hardness compared with stainless steel cutting tools. Most of the materials used by foreign well-known tool manufacturers are high-carbon stainless steel, and many use stainless steel with grades above 440, which is divided into 440A (7cr18) and 440C (9Cr18), with carbon content of 0.7% and 0.9% respectively. After 440A heat treatment, the hardness can reach 57 degrees, while 440C can reach 61 degrees.

（4）大马士革钢：古代称之为乌兹钢，现代泛指表面具有花纹的钢材。真正的大马士革钢是铸造型花纹钢，刀锋锋利，刀身坚韧而很难折断，是刀具收藏界的极品。现代大马士革钢只是焊接型的花纹钢（又叫折叠钢），或者酸蚀机加工出花纹，因此这种花纹是为了美观而制作的，属于中看不中用的观赏刀。

(4) Damascus Steel: it was called Uzi steel in ancient times. In modern times, it generally refers to steel with patterns on the surface. The real Damascus steel is cast pattern steel. The blade is sharp and the blade is tough and difficult to break. It is the best in the field of tool collection. Modern Damascus steel is only welded pattern steel (also known as folding steel), or the pattern is processed by acid etching machine. Therefore, this pattern is made for beauty and belongs to an ornamental knife that is not suitable for use.

（5）高碳锰钢：做刀具（菜刀、武士刀）的锰钢实际上是在高碳钢的基础上添加了一定量的锰元素来增加韧性和淬透性，比如在65钢里添加1%左右的锰，就是常见的弹簧钢65Mn。其性能特点类似高碳钢，但韧性稍强于高碳钢，所以制刀过程需严格控制热处理温度。

(5) High carbon manganese steel: manganese steel for cutting tools (kitchen knives and samurai knives) actually adds a certain amount of manganese element on the basis of high carbon steel to increase toughness and hardenability. For example, adding about 1% manganese to 65 steel is the common spring steel 65Mn. Its performance characteristics are similar to those of high carbon steel, but its toughness is slightly stronger than that of high carbon steel, so the heat treatment temperature needs to be strictly controlled in the tool making process.

（6）陶瓷刀：市面上的陶瓷刀（水果刀、蔬菜刀）大多是用纳米氧化锆粉末在2000℃高温下用300吨的重压配上模具压制成刀坯，然后用金刚石打磨之后配上刀柄就做成了成品陶瓷刀。因此陶瓷刀具备高硬度（HRC90以上）、高密度、耐高温，抗磁化、抗氧化等特点。优点是耐磨，硬度高，无需磨刀，清洗容易，不会生锈、切食物无金属味残留、轻薄锐利，缺点是脆性大，不能砍硬物，掉落时刃口容易崩缺。

(6) Ceramic knives: most of the ceramic knives on the market (fruit knives and vegetable knives) are made of nano zirconia powder, pressed with 300 tons of heavy pressure and a mold at a high temperature of 2000 ℃, and then polished with diamond and equipped with a knife handle to make a finished ceramic knife. Therefore, ceramic cutting tools have the characteristics of high hardness (above hrc90), high density, high temperature resistance, magnetization resistance and oxidation resistance. The utility model has the advantages of wear resistance, high hardness, no need to sharpen a knife, easy cleaning, no rust, no metal smell residue in cutting food, light and sharp, and the disadvantage is that it is brittle, can not cut hard objects, and the cutting edge is easy to collapse when falling.

（7）钛合金刀：通常用β钛合金做成的刀具，优点是美观大方，耐蚀性非常出色（远胜不锈钢），很适合做潜水刀，缺点是强度不高，而且价格昂贵。

(7) Titanium alloy knife: usually used β The cutting tool made of titanium alloy has the advantages of beautiful appearance and excellent corrosion resistance (far better than stainless steel). It is very suitable for diving knife. The disadvantage is that the strength is not high and the price is expensive.

对于一把刀来说，选择何种钢材，还是首先要看它的功能、使用场景，因需制宜，使用环境更复杂（切割、劈砍、砸撬），那它对钢材的性能要求则会更高。

For a knife, the choice of what kind of steel, or first to see its function, use scenarios, according to the need to take measures, the use of the environment is more complex (cutting, cutting, pry), then it on the performance requirements of steel will be higher.